In Laravel, Eloquent is an Object-Relational Mapping (ORM) system that enables you to interact with your database using an object-oriented syntax. Eloquent makes it easier to perform database operations by allowing you to work with database tables using PHP classes and methods rather than writing raw SQL queries.

Here are the basic steps to work with a database using Eloquent in Laravel:

  1. Define a Model:

    • Create a new Eloquent model using the artisan command or manually in the app directory. Models are typically stored in the app directory.

      php artisan make:model YourModel

    This will create a new file in the app directory, usually named YourModel.php.

  2. Define the Table Structure:

    • Open the created model file (YourModel.php) and define the table structure and any relationships with other models. You can set the table name, primary key, and fillable fields.

      <?php

      namespace App;

      use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;

      class YourModel extends Model
      {
          protected $table = 'your_table_name';
          protected $primaryKey = 'id';
          protected $fillable = ['column1', 'column2'];
      }

  3. Perform Database Operations:

    • Now, you can use the Eloquent model to perform various database operations.

      // Create a new record
      $record = YourModel::create(['column1' => 'value1', 'column2' => 'value2']);

      // Retrieve records
      $records = YourModel::all();
      $singleRecord = YourModel::find($id);

      // Update a record
      $record->update(['column1' => 'new_value']);

      // Delete a record
      $record->delete();

  4. Querying with Eloquent:

    • Eloquent provides a powerful query builder to retrieve records based on various conditions.

      // Basic query
      $records = YourModel::where('column1', 'value')->get();

      // Advanced queries
      $records = YourModel::where('column1', 'value')->orWhere('column2', 'value')->get();

      // Eager loading relationships
      $records = YourModel::with('relatedModel')->get();

  5. Relationships:

    • Eloquent supports relationships between models, such as one-to-one, one-to-many, and many-to-many relationships. Define relationships in your model to easily retrieve related data.

      class YourModel extends Model
      {
          public function relatedModel()
          {
              return $this->hasOne(RelatedModel::class);
          }
      }


      // Retrieve related data
      $record = YourModel::find($id);
      $relatedData = $record->relatedModel;

These are the basic steps to get started with Eloquent in Laravel. Eloquent provides a clean and expressive syntax for interacting with databases, making it one of the most popular ORMs in the PHP ecosystem.



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