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SQL INSERT INTO
The INSERT INTO
statement in SQL is used to add new records to a table. There are two main ways to use the INSERT INTO
statement:
- Inserting data into all columns
- Inserting data into specific columns
1. Inserting Data into All Columns
When you want to insert data into all columns of a table, you don't need to specify the column names. However, the values must be in the same order as the columns in the table.
Syntax:
INSERT INTO table_name
VALUES (value1, value2, value3, ...);
Example:
Suppose we have a table called employees
with the following structure:
CREATE TABLE employees (
id INT,
first_name VARCHAR(50),
last_name VARCHAR(50),
email VARCHAR(100)
);
To insert a new employee record:
INSERT INTO employees
VALUES (1, 'John', 'Doe', 'john.doe@example.com');
2. Inserting Data into Specific Columns
When you want to insert data into specific columns, you need to specify the column names.
Syntax:
INSERT INTO table_name (column1, column2, column3, ...)
VALUES (value1, value2, value3, ...);
Example:
Using the same employees
table, to insert a new employee record specifying only certain columns:
INSERT INTO employees (id, first_name, email)
VALUES (2, 'Jane', 'jane.doe@example.com');
Inserting Multiple Rows
You can insert multiple rows into a table in a single INSERT INTO
statement by separating each row's values with commas.
Syntax:
INSERT INTO table_name (column1, column2, column3, ...)
VALUES
(value1a, value2a, value3a, ...),
(value1b, value2b, value3b, ...),
...;
Example: To insert multiple employee records:
INSERT INTO employees (id, first_name, last_name, email)
VALUES
(3, 'Alice', 'Smith', 'alice.smith@example.com'),
(4, 'Bob', 'Brown', 'bob.brown@example.com');
Using INSERT INTO
with a SELECT Statement
You can also insert data into a table by selecting data from another table.
Syntax:
INSERT INTO table_name (column1, column2, column3, ...)
SELECT column1, column2, column3, ...
FROM another_table
WHERE condition;
Example:
Assume there is another table called new_employees
with the same structure as the employees
table. To copy data from new_employees
to employees
:
INSERT INTO employees (id, first_name, last_name, email)
SELECT id, first_name, last_name, email
FROM new_employees
WHERE id > 5;
These are the basic ways to use the INSERT INTO
statement in SQL to add new records to a table.
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